WOODWARD  8444-1067 调速器模块

【产品详情】

调速器（图1）

当负荷减小时，由曲轴带动的驱动轴转速升高，飞球的离心力增加，推动速度杆右移。于是，摇杆以A点为中心逆时针转动，滑阀右移，压力油进入伺服器油缸的右部空间。与此同时，油缸的左部空间通过油孔与低压油路相通，其中的油被泄放。在压差的作用下，伺服活塞带动喷油泵齿条左移，以减少供油量。当转速恢复到原来数值时，滑阀也回到中央位置，调节过程结束。

当负荷增加，转速降低时，调速过程按相反方向进行。

从上述分析可知，调速器飞球所产生的离心力仅用来推动滑阀，因而飞球的重量尺寸就可以做得较小。而作为放大器的液压伺服器的作用力，则可根据需要，选择不同尺寸的伺服活塞和不同滑油压力予以放大。

但是，在这种调速器中，因为感应元件直接驱动滑阀，无论它朝哪个方向往动，均难准确地回到原来位置而关闭油孔。这样就使柴油机转速不稳定，而产生严重的波动。

为了使调速器能稳定调节，在调速器中还要加入一个装置，其作用是在伺服活塞移动的同时对滑阀产生一个反作用，使其向平衡的位置方向移动，减少柴油机转速波动的可能性。这种装置称为反馈机构。

WOODWARD  8444-1067 调速器模块

【英文介绍】

Governor (Figure 1)

When the load is reduced, the speed of the drive shaft driven by the crankshaft increases, and the centrifugal force of the fly ball increases, pushing the speed rod to the right. Therefore, the rocker is rotated counterclockwise at point A, the slide valve is moved right, and the pressure oil enters the right space of the server cylinder. At the same time, the left space of the cylinder is communicated with the low-pressure oil circuit through the oil hole, in which the oil is discharged. Under the action of pressure difference, the servo piston drives the fuel injection pump rack to the left to reduce the oil supply. When the speed returns to the original value, the slide valve also returns to the central position, and the adjustment process is over.

When the load increases and the speed decreases, the speed regulation process is carried out in the opposite direction.

From the above analysis, it can be seen that the centrifugal force generated by the governor fly ball is only used to push the slide valve, so the weight size of the fly ball can be made smaller. The force of the hydraulic servo as an amplifier can be amplified by selecting different sizes of servo pistons and different oil pressures according to needs.

However, in this kind of governor, because the induction element directly drives the slide valve, no matter which direction it moves, it is difficult to accurately return to the original position and close the oil hole. This makes the diesel engine speed unstable, and produce serious fluctuations.

In order to make the governor can be stably adjusted, a device should be added to the governor, whose function is to produce a reaction on the slide valve when the servo piston moves, so that it moves in the direction of the balanced position and reduces the possibility of diesel speed fluctuations. This device is called a feedback mechanism.

WOODWARD  8444-1067 调速器模块

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